Input-Output Matrix

The input-output
matrices
of Latin America

Each cell records how much one productive sector in a country buys from another sector in another country. Stacking those cells across ten economies and forty sectors yields an X-ray of South American productive integration, a matrix of several thousand rows the region had never built before.

What it is Catalogue Charts Timeline

MIP-SA 2005 · intermediate use

A1 | = ARG-Agriculture → ARG-Agriculture 3,210

		ARG				BRA				CHL				COL
Supplier sector ↓		Agri	Mini	Manu	Serv	Agri	Mini	Manu	Serv	Agri	Mini	Manu	Serv	Agri	Mini	Manu	Serv
ARG	Agricul	3.2k	142	8.7k	615	105	18	412	52	38	11	164	21	27	9	138	18
	Mining	198	2.2k	3.3k	472	21	145	528	63	14	189	241	27	12	34	156	19
	Manufac	1.5k	824	18.6k	2.4k	287	119	1.8k	312	102	74	682	98	76	51	498	72
	Service	612	245	3.0k	8.7k	64	32	412	188	31	18	142	61	27	14	104	45
BRA	Agricul	138	22	389	61	8.4k	305	12.5k	1.8k	78	42	412	64	61	35	312	48
	Mining	12	198	261	43	215	4.7k	9.9k	1.1k	32	215	682	91	19	89	412	58
	Manufac	312	421	1.8k	298	2.4k	1.1k	58.4k	6.5k	412	289	2.8k	312	298	215	2.4k	312
	Service	105	142	612	412	815	542	8.4k	29.8k	98	72	612	215	76	58	412	198
CHL	Agricul	22	14	198	27	45	19	312	51	1.8k	245	2.4k	312	22	18	98	31
	Mining	8	182	312	34	12	312	842	72	156	3.2k	4.0k	612	14	142	312	42
	Manufac	142	214	1.8k	312	198	162	2.4k	312	842	612	18.4k	2.4k	142	118	842	142
	Service	52	61	412	198	62	52	612	312	312	215	2.4k	8.4k	51	42	312	142
COL	Agricul	34	18	214	32	72	35	412	62	28	19	142	32	2.4k	312	3.0k	412
	Mining	12	58	198	27	21	98	312	42	18	62	198	35	312	3.2k	4.0k	612
	Manufac	198	245	1.2k	298	215	142	2.4k	412	142	118	842	142	1.8k	1.2k	21.4k	2.8k
	Service	72	91	512	245	82	72	842	412	62	51	312	142	412	312	3.0k	9.6k

Self-use Same country Cross-country

Figures in millions of US dollars, basic prices. 4 countries × 4 aggregated sectors. The complete matrix covers 10 countries × 40 sectors.

What is an input-output matrix

It is an economy's X-ray

Input-output matrices (IO) are a statistical tool for economic analysis that measures and describes productive interrelations within one or several economies in a given year, including the links that emerge from trade.

ECLAC IO Manual (Durán Lima and Banacloche, 2021), p. 13

Gross trade counts the same thing twice

Traditional international trade statistics register the gross flows of cross-border goods and services without capturing the value added by each country. This measurement can lead to mistaken conclusions about the contribution of trade to economic growth and income, since it incurs a double-counting problem.

ECLAC IO Manual (Durán Lima and Banacloche, 2021), p. 10

It traces value across borders

Multi-regional input-output matrices make it possible to identify the origin and destination of the value flowing through global value chains, defining the roles of countries and industries that play a determining part in supply chains and the sources of competitiveness.

ECLAC IO Manual (Durán Lima and Banacloche, 2021), p. 10

Matrix catalogue

Built and operational IO matrices

Each IO matrix has its own base year, coverage and sectoral resolution. The table below lists the operational matrices: their origin spans the South American harmonisation of 2005 to the new global multi-regional matrix launched in 2025.

	Matrix	Period	Link
01	South American IO Matrix (MIP-SA) Inter-country · South America Operational	2005→2016	Document →
02	Andean Community IO Matrix (MIP-CAN) Sub-regional · Andean Community Operational	2014→2020	Download matrix →
03	Pacific Alliance IO Matrix (MIP-AP) Sub-regional · Pacific Alliance Operational	2014→2020	Download matrix →
04	Extended MERCOSUR IO Matrix Sub-regional · MERCOSUR + Chile Operational	2011→2018	Event →
05	Colombia multi-regional IO Matrix Sub-national · Colombia (Bogotá + 7 depts) Operational	2017→2023	Event →
06	MRIO-LAC Multi-regional · LAC Launched	2018→2025	Event →
07	ECLAC–FIGARO extended Global multi-regional · LAC + EU + Asia Launched	2018→2025	Event →
08	Colombia–Ecuador bilateral IO Matrix Bilateral Operational	2014→2018	Event →
09	Colombia–European Union bilateral IO Matrix Bilateral · extra-regional Operational	2007→2014	Document →
10	National IO tables · GTAP contributions National · GTAP base Operational	2005–2018→2014–2024	Download matrix →

South American IO Matrix (MIP-SA)

Operational

Inter-country · South America

Base year: 2005
Launch: 2016

Document →

Andean Community IO Matrix (MIP-CAN)

Operational

Sub-regional · Andean Community

Base year: 2014
Launch: 2020

Download matrix →

Pacific Alliance IO Matrix (MIP-AP)

Operational

Sub-regional · Pacific Alliance

Base year: 2014
Launch: 2020

Download matrix →

Extended MERCOSUR IO Matrix

Operational

Sub-regional · MERCOSUR + Chile

Base year: 2011
Launch: 2018

Event →

Colombia multi-regional IO Matrix

Operational

Sub-national · Colombia (Bogotá + 7 depts)

Base year: 2017
Launch: 2023

Event →

MRIO-LAC

Launched

Multi-regional · LAC

Base year: 2018
Launch: 2025

Event →

ECLAC–FIGARO extended

Launched

Global multi-regional · LAC + EU + Asia

Base year: 2018
Launch: 2025

Event →

Colombia–Ecuador bilateral IO Matrix

Operational

Bilateral

Base year: 2014
Launch: 2018

Event →

Colombia–European Union bilateral IO Matrix

Operational

Bilateral · extra-regional

Base year: 2007
Launch: 2014

Document →

National IO tables · GTAP contributions

Operational

National · GTAP base

Base year: 2005–2018
Launch: 2014–2024

Download matrix →

Chart lab

Indicators built from the IO matrices

Pick an indicator to see the result. All figures come from the ECLAC Input-Output Analysis Manual (Durán Lima and Banacloche, 2021).

GDP by country, South America, 2005

Share of South American GDP (%)

SourceDurán Lima and Banacloche (2021), IO Manual, figure 1, p. 27

How it was built

Fifteen years of regional matrix

From the first ECLAC and IPEA harmonisation exercise to the 2025 launch of the global multi-regional matrix linking Latin America with the European Union, Asia and North America.

2013

Kickoff

ECLAC and IPEA project starts

Formal launch of the joint ECLAC and IPEA project to build the first multi-country South American IO matrix.

2016

Launch

South American matrix, 10 countries

Full sectoral opening, base year 2005. Coverage of 10 economies and 40 harmonised sectors, 98% of regional GDP.

Document ↗

2017

FIGARO

EU convergence

Methodological harmonisation with the European Commission (JRC and EUROSTAT) towards an LAC and EU multi-regional matrix.

2020

Sub-regional

Andean Community and Pacific Alliance MIPs

Launch of the sub-regional matrices as diagnostic and post-COVID recovery tools.

2021

Manual

Methodology manual

Durán Lima and Banacloche publish the regional reference for applied I-O analysis.

Document ↗

2023

Colombia

Colombia multi-regional MIP

Matrix for Bogotá and 7 departments. Sergio Arboleda University, ECLAC, City Hall and GIZ.

2024

IIOA

30th IIOA World Conference

José Elías chairs the Santiago Local Committee. More than 250 academics working on input-output analysis.

Document ↗

2025

MRIO-LAC

MRIO-LAC and global ECLAC FIGARO

Seville launch of the LAC regional matrix (18 economies) and the expanded global one (65 economies).

Document ↗

Kickoff

ECLAC and IPEA project starts

Formal launch of the joint ECLAC and IPEA project to build the first multi-country South American IO matrix.

2013

2016

Launch

South American matrix, 10 countries

Full sectoral opening, base year 2005. Coverage of 10 economies and 40 harmonised sectors, 98% of regional GDP.

FIGARO

EU convergence

Methodological harmonisation with the European Commission (JRC and EUROSTAT) towards an LAC and EU multi-regional matrix.

2017

2020

Sub-regional

Andean Community and Pacific Alliance MIPs

Launch of the sub-regional matrices as diagnostic and post-COVID recovery tools.

Manual

Methodology manual

Durán Lima and Banacloche publish the regional reference for applied I-O analysis.

2021

2023

Colombia

Colombia multi-regional MIP

Matrix for Bogotá and 7 departments. Sergio Arboleda University, ECLAC, City Hall and GIZ.

IIOA

30th IIOA World Conference

José Elías chairs the Santiago Local Committee. More than 250 academics working on input-output analysis.

2024

2025

MRIO-LAC

MRIO-LAC and global ECLAC FIGARO

Seville launch of the LAC regional matrix (18 economies) and the expanded global one (65 economies).

2013 Kickoff

ECLAC and IPEA project starts

Formal launch of the joint ECLAC and IPEA project to build the first multi-country South American IO matrix.
2016 Launch

South American matrix, 10 countries

Full sectoral opening, base year 2005. Coverage of 10 economies and 40 harmonised sectors, 98% of regional GDP.
Document ↗
2017 FIGARO

EU convergence

Methodological harmonisation with the European Commission (JRC and EUROSTAT) towards an LAC and EU multi-regional matrix.
2020 Sub-regional

Andean Community and Pacific Alliance MIPs

Launch of the sub-regional matrices as diagnostic and post-COVID recovery tools.
2021 Manual

Methodology manual

Durán Lima and Banacloche publish the regional reference for applied I-O analysis.
Document ↗
2023 Colombia

Colombia multi-regional MIP

Matrix for Bogotá and 7 departments. Sergio Arboleda University, ECLAC, City Hall and GIZ.
2024 IIOA

30th IIOA World Conference

José Elías chairs the Santiago Local Committee. More than 250 academics working on input-output analysis.
Document ↗
2025 MRIO-LAC

MRIO-LAC and global ECLAC FIGARO

Seville launch of the LAC regional matrix (18 economies) and the expanded global one (65 economies).
Document ↗

The South American IO Matrix, ready to download

Excel · 3.2 MB · 10 countries ⤓

South American MIP — 10-country interconnected matrix (XLSX)

Master spreadsheet MIPSudamericana10v1.xlsx with the consolidated 10-country inter-country matrix (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay, Venezuela), 40 sectors, base year 2005. Contains technical coefficients, final demand and intermediate matrices.

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